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Linux IRDA Stack

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Linux supports all the mandatory IrDA protocols and many of the optional protocols. Following figure presents the architecture of Linux's IrDA subsystem.

Figure Linux IrDA subsystem architecture

The IrDA standard categorizes IrPHY devices according to their speed. There are currently three speed categories:

• serial infrared (SIR) at up to 115.2 Kbps
• medium speed infrared (MIR) at up to 1.152 Mbps, and
• fast infrared (FIR) at 4.0 Mbps.

The Linux kernel includes the following drivers for SIR and FIR devices:

IrTTY	IrTTY provides support for 16550-UART-compatible IrDA ports. This driver uses the kernel's serial driver and provides speeds of up to 115200 bps.
IrPORT	IrPORT is a half-duplex serial port driver that is meant to eventually replace IrTTY
Serial Dongles	To provide IrDA support for a system that doesn't have an IrDA port built into it, an IrDA dongle can be attached to the system's serial port. The kernel build configuration menu contains the complete list of serial dongles supported by Linux.
On-board and bus-attached devices	The kernel supports a number of chips found in on-board and bus-attached IrDA devices. The kernel build configuration menu contains the complete list of chips supported by Linux.
USB dongle	Like serial dongles, USB dongles provide a removable IrDA interface. Instead of SIR throughput rates, however, they provide FIR rates.

The IrDA stack operates on top of the device drivers to provide IrDA functionality in Linux. Most components of this stack are implemented as specified in the IrDA standard, but some components implemented are not part of the standard. These are the stack layers implemented in the kernel:

IrLAP	IrLAP is the link access protocol layer of the IrDA specification. It provides and maintains a reliable link between IrDA devices. In addition to the normal connection-oriented protocol, Linux supports connectionless exchanges using the Ultra protocol
IrLMP	IrLMP is the link management protocol layer of the IrDA specification. It provides for and manages multiple connections over IrLAP
TinyTP	Tiny Transport Protocol (TinyTP) implements flow control over IrLMP connections.
IAP	The Information Access Protocol (IAP) is Linux's equivalent to the IrDA's Information Access Service (IAS). As with IAS, IAP provides service discovery capabilities
IrCOMM	IrCOMM is an emulation layer that provides IrDA connection capabilities to legacy applications that usually communicate through common serial and parallel port devices. Since these types of functionalities are accessed through TTYs, applications use the kernel's TTY layer to access IrCOMM. Note that IrCOMM does not rely on TinyTP
IrLAN	The IrDA specifies IrLAN to enable LAN-like connections between IrDA devices. IrLAN acts as a network device from the point of view of upper layer protocols. It is, for instance, possible to establish a TCP/IP network on top of an IrDA link using IrLAN
IrNET	IrNET is also meant to enable LAN-like connections between IrDA devices. Instead of implementing a full network device, as with IrLAN, IrNET acts as a very thin layer over which PPP can be used to provide a full network device. Note, however, that IrNET is not part of the official IrDA standard. Microsoft first introduced IrNET as part of their Windows 2000 IrDA stack, replacing IrCOMM and IrLAN. The Linux implementation is based on the same concepts found in Microsoft's IrNET and can interoperate with it.
OpenOBEX	The IrDA standard specifies IrOBEX as an HTTP-like service for the exchange of objects. OpenOBEX is the IrOBEX implementation for Linux. It consists of a user-space library that can be found at: http://sourceforge.net/projects/openobex/

In conjunction with the stack layers, you will need user-space tools to operate Linux's IrDA capabilities. These tools are part of the IrDA Utils package. This package and many other IrDA-related resources are available through the Linux-IrDA Project web site at http://irda.sourceforge.net/.